Chapter 03: SDG 02; Zero Hunger, how individual can play are role.

We feel hungry every day but somehow living in good condition we can eat something to gain energy out of food to carry out our daily routine well. The hunger issue we are going to discuss is not like that you miss the snack time or haven't take a meal of one time. I have seen people they casually use a phrase like Oh God I am starving, seriously! Not having a single time snack makes you starve? So what you will say about people not having food from days, no improved nutrition, and even not having proper vitamins to live a healthy life?

About 795 million (one in nine people around the world population) are un- nourished which includes Asia, Africa and other developing countries which are rising from 1 to 3 of its proportion.  45% of children's deaths in developing countries are due to poor nutrition or not having proper diet needed for the body(Nino Florencia Soto). Eliminating hunger is a need for time, as it is effecting in various ways like people, are unable to live healthily life, their participation in education is really concerning which seen around many types of research there is a census that 66 millions of children around the world go hungry to school in the morning which directly affect their performance in academics, Food security is really becoming issue most of the countries are lacking in it due to IDPs (Internal Displaced People), refugees, etc. due to which people are not getting enough food supplies, agriculture is one of the mainstream to get food and this sector is highly neglected and not being developing(Meredith Hastings, 2015). In MDGs, we saw hunger was attached to poverty but now it’s separated and

discussed as a separate issue in International Arena the reasoning on it can be seen in the 1st chapter of this series. SDG 2 Zero Hunger is also part of the agenda to transform the world by 2030 which states End Hunger, achieve food security, improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture.  Here are the following targets been set to achieve this goal as follows;

1. By 2030, end hunger and ensure access by all people, in particular, the poor and people in vulnerable situations, including infants, to safe, nutritious and sufficient food all year round
2.  By 2030, end-all forms of malnutrition, including achieving, by 2025, the internationally agreed targets on stunting and wasting in children under 5 years of age, and address the nutritional needs of adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women and older person
3. By 2030, double the agricultural productivity and incomes of small-scale food producers, in particular women, indigenous peoples, family farmers, pastoralists and fishers, including through secure and equal access to land, other productive resources and inputs, knowledge, financial services, markets and opportunities for value addition and non-farm employment.
4.  By 2030, ensure sustainable food production systems and implement resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity and production, that help maintain ecosystems, that strengthen capacity for adaptation to climate change, extreme weather, drought, flooding, and other disasters and that progressively improve land and soil quality.
5. By 2020, maintain the genetic diversity of seeds, cultivated plants and farmed and domesticated animals and their related wild species, including through soundly managed and diversified seed and plant banks at the national, regional and international levels, and promote access to and fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge, as internationally agreed.
6. Increase investment, including through enhanced international cooperation, in rural infrastructure, agricultural research and extension services, technology development and plant and livestock gene banks to enhance agriculturally productive capacity in developing countries, in particular, least developed countries.
7. Correct and prevent trade restrictions and distortions in world agricultural markets, including through the parallel elimination of all forms of agricultural export subsidies and all export measures with equivalent effect, following the mandate of the Doha Development Round.
8. Adopt measures to ensure the proper functioning of food commodity markets and their derivatives and facilitate timely access to market information, including on food reserves, to help limit extreme food price volatility(Nino Florencia Soto).

There are four things if we see discussed in this goal to eradicate till 2030 perhaps Hunger, food security, nutrition, and agriculture. They are all needed to be solved to achieve the goal of ending hunger. Without having reliability, affordability and food accessibility which are elements of food security hunger will ultimately take place, if people are hungry how they will get nutrition which is need of the body to carry out daily basis routine also agriculture is one can give us a raw form of product through which we make different food items (homage and industrial level) to eat and to live healthily. We have to eat healthily so the improvement of the agriculture sector is also demand. We will discuss now that which individual actions can be made to attain the goal 2 of SDGs. Here they as follows;

Efficiently utilization of food

Every year about 40 percent of food supplies to the market wasted in the United States, also in KSA, UAE even if we see on household-level we do it daily we throw food either cooked or uncooked. It also causes hunger using the misuse of food items German government taking it really seriously and also there is fine if you leave food and do not finish but in the micro approach at the home level we all have to realize it indeed seriously. If you are 2 people living at home so cook in such a way for 2 people so no food gets wasted in a manner that you have to throw it somewhere. Also, buy food in quantity according to the number of days you need to start calculating it will also impact the fluctuation of the market rates and will help the poor to access limited resources to healthy foods. Use the resources efficiently, as I have seen in my own life that if I got 12 dozen bananas for myself 3 of they get wasted and I have to throw it which is unethical and disrespect to the condition we are facing as a human around the world.

Giving extra or unutilized food on a poor one

If you got extra food in the case and fill your stomach gently, safe it besides throwing them as a waste. If you don't want to eat it and no one is there you expecting to have it in your home, go around on walk with the food and find someone sitting outside the person which is in need of food or any beggar you will find it, a homeless person and even check the neighbor if they had it or not but with dignity. I have seen in Pakistan the people give the food saved from any mealtime to their maids, sweeper come for cleaning the street, etc. also we see some food bank practice where we can give the food and they preserve it and give it to the people who are in need. In a restaurant, you should prioritize to eat and order that much which you can eat fully. If you feel that you had enough and left with some food and you cant eat it ask the waiter to pack it and give it to a person, you find it needy or give it to someone if you feel that you have enough in the house to cook more for tomorrow. I have seen in different countries I visited poor or homeless people sitting in front of the restaurant you can give them that food too, do not let your food get wasted, respect it because it gives us daily life energy to work out and live a healthy life with full of nutrition.

Small farming and Kitchen gardening technique

People are living in areas where food prices are high and they are unable to get the food in income they are attaining also they are unable to achieve the level of utility for the consumption of food. Kitchen gardening and small farming can help to cut the cost of small food purchasing like salad leaves, mint, coriander, tomatoes, onion, etc. now its experiments at different levels they were able to grow it. The cost-saving from the home gardening can help out to buy some other necessary food items which we cannot grow in such small place wheat, rice, pulses, etc. it will also help to improve the nutrition level and access organic food which we will discuss in the SDGs 3 in detail.

Food charity

Charity does not require a big money to do it just requires a passion to execute and flourish with the major impact, if there is proper participation of members at the everyday level can feed anyone also you can do, like make community kitchen you can follow the following procedure

• Select a place in surrounding where the community can reach and participate with full potential, hunger is around us so try to work in your surroundings involve individual remarks for it. 
• Make a weekly chart of food items the community kitchen going to feed the people like for the day 2 things Rice and any vegetable many options are there but keep it organic so nourishment can also be covered, you can discuss with the community members as it is own by all not by anyone person. Indeed a community work requires the attention of all.
• Every person donates in terms of the item going to cook on that day even if you can manage can make it to monetary too. Like if they are going to make rice everyone tries to make a good part to give them rice bags, even in a bowl but not cooked, because the taste could differ but cook at one place helps it to have refined taste. Give bowl filled with a food item or give a tablespoon fill of spice, charity doesn't count in quantity it's with your passion.
• There are people retired and pensioned from jobs that should give time there to run the setup. Male or female knows cooking should go there and do their part. The other way is you can make a calendar to distribute duties in people. Even you people can hire a person for if no one is volunteering their time for cooking and most people are there on job.
• Respectably give the people food, but do not waste the things cook food according to the quantity you determine can come to eat and take food.
• Such a model will help to work in the community and if anyone living around you hungry will be able to get the food properly. There is no profit from this work or any income but the satisfaction you will get and peace of mind it's more than earning millions.
• Many of the models could be found in the world, everyone is going best or you can innovate your model too

Awareness in community

The major hurdle in the development of the community is that their potential people are not playing a proper role in the development of a responsive or participatory community. This is need of time for which they have to play a major role in organizations working in the community on projects and bounded to the terms of the donor for which they cannot move openly due to different reasons and the thing they know the ground realities beside organization come in and working around so we should motivate such people to play out their role in communities in SDG 2 they can play a role in dimensional ways. Such projects in SDG 2 requires the attention of the community because they are working on the primary or foundational need of a human.

Improve nutrition

We can see there are many people linked with the medical field and public health living in communities in every region. Such experts can play a vital role in the community by volunteering themselves to aware people of the importance of nutrition and its significance. Also, they should make out time for the community people having the issue of malnutrition and motivate them to utilize the organic food and train them for healthily fulfilling their need for nutrition, for example, drinking clean water is a need for good and healthy living, so they should aware them train them regarding boiling water before drinking, making charts in local languages and make them accessible for public so they can know about the need for calories perhaps it will educate people to improve their nutrition styles. Volunteerism is the essence of community development which should be contributed by everyone I think.

Agricultural sustainability

As I said before, around the globe people living in a community having expertise in different things and belongs to professions in which they have work practically with full exposure in the fields like someone will be a doctor so definitely there are people belongs to the agriculture expertise with professional degrees they can motivate their people or farmers with the new agriculture techniques like if we see nowadays the farming style around the world been changed which cannot be affected by hazards you can visit around the internet can see people are growing much from rooftop gardening then 1 acre land in any developing country due to the innovation, they did in traditional farming. Such participation will make production well and also will help farmers to get more income which can also, help them to purchase daily basis food items need for improving nutrition. The hazards are also threat for agricultural sustainability mostly it affects the food security like if any agriculture area effected by flood that makes all productivity disturb and there is a shortage of item in the market directly increase the price. People should look up to the new harvest calendar so they could keep themselves from hazards because of climate change which we can discuss in our SDG 13.

I am not claiming that everything stated in this going to finish hunger but at least make a part to create an impact give start to some good thing the role of the individual in need of time for emerging issues to solve them. For which each of us had to realize our responsibility towards issues faced by the world. A drop of water is starting or stream and then small streams fall into the river and then moving on the big oceans so try at least to take part in it realize your power.

Reference

a)        Meredith Hastings (2015) 7 Reasons Why Ending World Hunger Still Needs to Happen, Available from <https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/7-reasons-why-ending-world-hunger-still-needs-to-h/> [Accessed: 19 February 2017]

b)      Nino Florencia Soto, F.S. Hunger and Food Security, Available from <http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/hunger/> [Accessed: 19 February 2017]